The golden age of the Aceh Darussalam Sultanate was reached in the 16th and 17th centuries under Sultan Iskandar Muda, who codified the constitutional law of Adat Meukuta Alam. The naval forces were reinforced by massive warships over 100 meters long, such as the Espanto del Mundo, which could carry 800 soldiers and were supported by a military elephant corps.
Aceh maintained equal diplomatic relations with global powers. France sent trade envoys, while ties with the Ottoman Empire were exceptionally close, featuring military instructors and master cannon-makers sent from Constantinople. The Ming Dynasty of China also sent friendship missions carrying silk and porcelain to symbolize a free-trade alliance.
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